空化射流降低稠油黏度机制

Mechanism of heavy oil viscosity reduction by cavitation jet

关键词:  空化射流  稠油  物理化学效应  降黏  机制

Key words:  cavitation jet  heavy oil  physicochemical effect  viscosity reduction  mechanism

摘要:

稠油降黏在稠油开采、加工利用和外输等方面具有十分重要的意义,而空化射流技术因其结构简单、易于实现,在有机物降解、稠油降黏等方面表现出巨大的发展潜力。在总结空化射流降解有机物、污水处理等成果的基础上,分析空化射流中空化泡的溃灭所产生的高温高压等极端环境以及产生的物理化学效应;针对稠油的组成和分子结构,分析空化效应对稠油产生的作用和影响,探究空化射流对稠油的降黏机制。概述空化射流进行稠油降黏试验研究现状,通过初步试验验证空化射流可以有效降低稠油黏度,从而为稠油物理降黏提供一种新方法。

Abstract:

Viscosity reduction of heavy oil is of great significance in heavy recovery, processing and transportation. The cavitation jet technology shows great potential in the aspects of organic degradation and heavy oil viscosity reduction because of its simple structure and easy to implement.The extreme environment such as high temperature and high pressure and the physicochemical effect caused by the collapse of cavitation bubbles in cavitation jet were analyzed based on the the research results of organic matter degradation and sewage treatment using cavitation jet. According to the composition and molecular structure of heavy oil, the effect and influence of cavitation effect on the heavy oil were analyzed.And the mechanism of reducing viscosity of heavy oil by cavitation jet was investigated preliminarily. Also, the experimental research status of heavy oil viscosity reduction by cavitation jet was summarized, and the preliminary experiment was carried out to prove that cavitation jet technology can effectively reduce the viscosity of heavy oil, which will become a new physical method of heavy oil viscosity reduction.