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Natural gas pricing mechanism based on Stackelberg game model
NIE Guang-hua1,2
(1.School of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;2.PetroChina Kunlun Gas Company Limited, Beijing 100101, China )
Abstract:
To explore a feasible pricing strategy in future competitive market of natural gas industry, reference from mature international natural gas market was drawn, and various pricing strategies and their advantages and disadvantages were analyzed based on the existing natural gas pricing mechanisms. By applying game theory, a pricing model of natural gas was established to illustrate the evolving pattern of natural gas upstream, medium-stream and downstream, and to analyze the inner mechanism of natural gas pricing. This study contributes to existing pricing theories by presenting a quantitative pricing model to fill in the research gap that current researches are mostly qualitative based. The results show that with third party access system,both the output price and the marginal profit of natural gas manufactures decrease. On the other hand, even though the output price of distributors decreases, their marginal profit increases. This presents evidence that third party access system is beneficial for competition and will enhance the bargaining power of downstream and increase users consumer surplus.
Key words:  natural gas pricing mechanism  Stackelberg game  third party access system  supply chain