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| Mechanisms of shale thermal cracking and numerical simulation based on particle flow model |
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YUAN Shibao1, WANG Hao2, SUN Jian1, WANG Yan3, JIANG Haiyan1
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(1.School of Petroleum Engineering, Xi 'an Shiyou University, Xi 'an 710065, China;2.The First Oil Production Plant of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Branch, Yan 'an 716000, China;3.State Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China)
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| Abstract: |
| A particle flow model considering the bedding characteristics of shale was constructed based on a discrete element method to investigate the mechanisms of shale thermal cracking. The micro parameter calibration method was then improved, and the micro parameters of the shale particle flow mechanical model were systematically calibrated. The effects of heating mode, natural micro fractures and confining pressure on the evolution of thermally induced fractures in shale were studied using the thermal and mechanical coupling model. The results show that thermally induced cracks can be produced at 100 ℃, and the width and number of the cracks increase with temperature and then remain stable. The inclination of natural micro fractures has an effect on the extension of the thermally induced fractures; the fracture extension becomes weaker with the increase of the inclination angle. Confining pressure below 10 MPa can promote the formation of thermal induced fractures, while pressure above 10 MPa has an inhibition effect on the formation of thermal induced fractures. |
| Key words: shale thermal cracking fracture evolution numerical simulation particle flow |
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